National culture as a correlate of research output and impact [version 3; peer review: 2 approved]

National culture has been overlooked in discussions related to research output and impact owing to individual, socio-political structure, and economic factors.This study shows the relationships between the dimensions of cultural value orientation of the nation and research output & impact.More than 60 countries were included, and Spearman correlation analysis was employed.

The variables were taken from Geert Hofstede and Scimago Journal & Country Rank worksheets.This study found that (1) Power distance - the positive inclination of the culture Comparison of circulating metabolite concentrations in dogs and cats when allowed to freely choose macronutrient intake toward power disparities among people - is negatively correlated with research impact; (2) Individualism - the level of independence a society keeps up among its individuals - are positively correlated with research output and research impact; (3) The multiple roles and functions of English in South Korea Indulgence - the degree to which society members do not attempt to control their urges - is positively correlated with research impact; and (4) after controlling the Log GDP per capita, uncertainty avoidance - the manner in which that a society seeks to manage the actuality that the future can never be controlled - is negatively correlated with research impact.

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